Silicones kayan ba kawai wani muhimmin bangaren na sabon kayan masana'antu na kasa dabarun kunno kai masana'antu, amma kuma wani makawa goyon bayan abu ga sauran dabarun kunno masana'antu.

Tare da ci gaba da fadada filayen aikace-aikacen, babban buƙatun yuwuwar ya sanya silicones ɗaya daga cikin shahararrun kayan sinadarai a halin yanzu.

Mafi girman kaso na amfani da silicones na gida yana cikin fagage kamar gini, kayan lantarki, wutar lantarki da sabon makamashi, kulawar likita, da kulawa na sirri.Daga cikin su, filin gine-gine a halin yanzu shine babban yanayin tashar tashar don aikace-aikacen silicones, lissafin kusan 30%.

Baya ga ci gaba da haɓakar buƙatun kayan silicones a cikin masana'antar gargajiya, adana makamashi da masana'antar kariyar muhalli kamar su photovoltaics da sabbin makamashi, gami da haɓaka masana'antu masu tasowa kamar grid mai ƙarfi mai ƙarfi da matsanancin ƙarfin wutar lantarki. , kayan sawa masu hankali, bugu na 3D, da 5G, duk suna ba da sabbin abubuwan haɓaka buƙatun silicones.

Bayanin Silicones

Silicones kalma ce ta gabaɗaya don mahaɗin siliki, waɗanda aka haɗa su kuma ana sanya su ta hanyar silicon karfe da chloromethane.

Mataki na farko na haɗa silicones shine samar da methylchlorosilane, wanda aka sanya hydrolyzed don samun monomethyltrichlorosilane, dimethyldichlorosilane, da trichlorosilane.Dimethyldichlorosilane shine babban nau'in siliki na siliki na monomer, tare da manyan samfuran sa na ƙasa sune silicone roba da man siliki.

A halin yanzu, ƙarfin samar da silicones da aka ambata a cikin Sin gabaɗaya yana nufin ƙarfin samar da methylchlorosilane, yayin da ƙididdigan samarwa na yanzu duk sun dogara ne akan samar da dimethylsiloxane.

Silicones masana'antu sarkar

Sarkar masana'antar silicones an raba shi zuwa hanyoyin haɗin gwiwa guda huɗu: kayan albarkatun silicones, silicones monomers, silicone intermediates, da samfuran siliki mai zurfin sarrafawa.Akwai ƙarancin masana'antun samarwa don albarkatun ƙasa, masu monomers, da masu tsaka-tsaki, yayin da zurfin sarrafawa na ƙasa ya ƙunshi nau'ikan samfura da ƙarin tarwatsa ƙarfin samarwa.

Silicone albarkatun kasa

Tsarin samar da silicones ya ƙunshi babban rabo na albarkatun ƙasa.Kayan albarkatun siliki shine foda na silicone na masana'antu, wanda aka shirya a cikin masana'antu ta hanyar rage ma'adini tare da coke a cikin tanderun wutar lantarki.

Samar da siliki na masana'antu yana cinye adadin siliki mai yawa da makamashi, kuma yana haifar da gurɓataccen muhalli.Sabili da haka, kwanciyar hankali da ingancin samar da albarkatun siliki na masana'antu ya zama garanti na asali don samar da silicones.

A cewar SAGSI, a shekarar 2020, karfin samar da silicone na masana'antu a duniya ya kai tan miliyan 6.23, yayin da karfin samar da kayayyaki na kasar Sin ya kai tan miliyan 4.82, wanda ya kai kashi 77.4%.

Siliki

Silicones monomers da matsakaici

Samar da cikin gida na silicones monomers da masu tsaka-tsaki suna lissafin sama da 50% na jimlar duniya, wanda ya mai da shi mafi girma mai samar da siliki monomers da matsakaici a duniya.Saboda rashin kwanciyar hankali na silicones monomers, kamfanoni gabaɗaya suna haɗa monomers zuwa tsaka-tsaki kamar DMC (dimethylsiloxane) ko D4 don siyarwa.

Akwai 'yan iri da ƙayyadaddun bayanai na silicones monomers da masu tsaka-tsaki.

Dimethyldichlorosilane a halin yanzu shine mafi yawan amfani da siliki monomer, wanda ke lissafin sama da 90% na jimlar adadin monomer.

Matsakaicin shigowa don masana'antar silicones yana da girma, wanda aka haɓaka zuwa ton 200000 kuma yana buƙatar aƙalla yuan biliyan 1.5 na jarin jari.Babban madaidaicin shigar masana'antu zai haɓaka yanayin haɓaka ƙarfin samar da monomer zuwa manyan kamfanoni.

A halin yanzu, ƙananan kamfanoni ne kawai ke da isassun tarin fasaha kuma sun sami babban samarwa, tare da sama da kashi 90% na ƙarfin samarwa da aka rarraba tsakanin manyan kamfanoni 11.

Matsakaicin ƙarfin samar da silicones monomer shima yana ba da ƙarin sararin ciniki don kasuwancin ƙasa.

Dichlorodimethylsilane

Dangane da wadata, yawancin manyan kamfanonin silicones a kasar Sin suna da ayyuka masu gudana ko sabbin tsare-tsare.Sabuwar karfin samar da kayayyaki za a mayar da hankali kan samarwa daga shekarar 2022 zuwa 2023, kuma karfin samar da masana'antu yana gab da shiga cikin saurin fadada tsarin.

A cewar bayanai daga Baichuan Yingfu, kamfanoni irin su Hesheng Silicon Industry, Yunnan Energy Investment, da Dongyue Silicon Materials za su zuba jari kusan tan miliyan 1.025 na samar da siliki a bana.Kamfanoni irin su Sabon Makamashi na Musamman, Masana'antar Siliki ta Asiya, da Sichuan Yongxiang suma suna saka hannun jari a cikin ƙarfin samar da siliki na polycrystalline, suna haifar da haɓaka buƙatun silicones na masana'antu.

SAGSI ya annabta cewa karfin samar da silicones methyl monomers na kasar Sin zai wuce tan miliyan 6 a kowace shekara nan da shekarar 2025, wanda ya kai sama da kashi 70% na karfin samar da silicones methyl monomers na duniya.

A cewar C&EN, Momentive, manyan kamfanonin silicones na kasashen waje suna shirin rufe karfin samar da siliki a Waterford, New York, yana mai da Dow kadai ke kera kayayyakin siliki a cikin Amurka.

The duniya silicones monomer iya samar da aka canjawa wuri zuwa kasar Sin, da kuma masana'antu taro rabo zai ci gaba da inganta a nan gaba.

Zurfafa aiki na silicones

Samfuran silicones masu zurfi galibi suna wanzuwa a cikin nau'ikan kwayoyin halitta na RnSiX (4-n), kuma dogayen kaddarorin physicochemical na sarkar silicon da bambancin ƙungiyoyin aiki suna ba da samfuran silicones mai zurfi da aka sarrafa tare da kyawawan ayyukan amfani.Babban samfuran su ne silicone roba da man siliki, wanda ke lissafin kashi 66% da 21% bi da bi.

A halin yanzu, masana'antar sarrafa zurfafa na silicones har yanzu suna cikin ci gaba mai sauri, tare da masana'antar warwatse.Akwai kamfanoni sama da 3,000 masu zurfin sarrafawa na ƙasa waɗanda ke tsunduma cikin sarrafa silicone kawai.

Olivia Factory Raw Material Tank

Tsarin samfuran silicones mai zurfi a cikin Sin:

Kamfanonin silicone na ketare ba su da wani fa'ida mai tsada wajen samar da siliki monomers idan aka kwatanta da kamfanonin kasar Sin, kuma galibin manyan kamfanonin silicone na ketare sun fi mayar da hankali ne kan samar da kayayyakin sarrafa zurfafa a karkashin kasa da fadada sarkar masana'antu.

Manufofin karfafa gwiwar kasar Sin ga masana'antar siliki sun sauya sannu a hankali daga samar da monomer zuwa zurfin sarrafa kayayyakin siliki, da bunkasa sabbin kayayyakin siliki, fadada sabbin fasahohin aikace-aikace, da inganta ingantaccen matakin amfani.

Silica

Silicones na ƙasa samfuran suna da ƙarin ƙimar samfur da ƙimar aikace-aikacen kasuwa.A halin yanzu, har yanzu akwai gagarumin ci gaba wajen amfani da siliki a kasuwanni masu tasowa a kasar Sin da kasashen waje.

Silikoni

Polycrystalline Silicon